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How to Research Grants Like a Pro

Master the art of finding the perfect funding opportunities for your project.

Published on January 5, 2024

Finding the right grants is like detective work - it requires strategy, patience, and knowing where to look. The difference between successful and struggling organizations often comes down to how well they research funding opportunities.


Start with Your Mission, Not the Money


Before diving into grant databases, clearly define:

  • Your organization's core mission and values
  • The specific problems you're addressing
  • Your target beneficiaries
  • Your geographic focus
  • Your organizational capacity and expertise

  • This foundation will help you identify funders whose priorities align with your work.


    Types of Funders to Research


    Government Agencies

  • Federal agencies (NIH, NSF, Department of Education, etc.)
  • State and local government programs
  • International government funding

  • Private Foundations

  • Large national foundations
  • Community foundations
  • Corporate foundations
  • Family foundations

  • Corporate Giving Programs

  • Direct corporate grants
  • Employee giving programs
  • Corporate social responsibility initiatives

  • Essential Research Tools


    Free Resources

  • **Grants.gov**: The central hub for federal grant opportunities
  • **Foundation Directory Online** (free version): Basic foundation information
  • **GuideStar**: Nonprofit financial information and 990 forms
  • **Corporate websites**: Direct information about giving programs
  • **Professional associations**: Industry-specific funding opportunities

  • Paid Resources

  • **Foundation Directory Online Professional**: Comprehensive foundation database
  • **GrantSpace**: Training and funding resources
  • **Candid (formerly Foundation Center)**: Research tools and databases

  • Research Methodology


    1. Keyword Strategy

    Develop a comprehensive list of keywords related to your work:

  • Primary terms (your main focus area)
  • Secondary terms (related issues and approaches)
  • Geographic terms (if location-specific)
  • Population terms (target demographics)

  • 2. The 3-Circle Analysis

    For each potential funder, create three circles:

  • Circle 1: What they fund (program areas, types of organizations)
  • Circle 2: Where they fund (geographic restrictions)
  • Circle 3: How much they fund (grant size ranges)

  • You want funders where all three circles overlap with your project.


    3. Deep Dive Research

    Once you identify potential matches, research thoroughly:

  • Read recent annual reports
  • Review their website and mission statement
  • Analyze their recent grants (amounts, recipients, focus areas)
  • Look for board members and staff with relevant connections
  • Check their funding history and trends

  • Red Flags to Avoid


    Misaligned Missions

    Don't apply to funders whose mission doesn't clearly connect to your work, even if they have money available.


    Geographic Restrictions

    Many funders have specific geographic limitations. Don't waste time on funders who don't fund in your area.


    Grant Size Mismatches

    If you need $50,000, don't apply to funders who typically give $5,000 grants or $500,000 grants.


    Deadline Constraints

    Make sure you have adequate time to prepare a quality application.


    Building Funder Relationships


    Attend Events

  • Funder information sessions
  • Nonprofit conferences where funders present
  • Community events where program officers participate

  • Follow on Social Media

    Many funders share insights and priorities through social media channels.


    Read Their Publications

    Annual reports, blog posts, and newsletters reveal funding priorities and decision-making criteria.


    Creating a Prospects Database


    Track potential funders with these key fields:

  • Funder name and contact information
  • Program officer names
  • Application deadlines
  • Grant size ranges
  • Funding priorities
  • Geographic restrictions
  • Application requirements
  • Previous interactions
  • Application status

  • Timing Your Research


    Annual Planning

    Most foundations operate on annual cycles. Research their:

  • Board meeting schedules
  • Application deadlines
  • Decision timelines
  • Reporting requirements

  • Seasonal Considerations

    Some funders have seasonal focus areas or avoid certain times of year for different reasons.


    The 80/20 Rule for Grant Research


    Spend 80% of your time on 20% of the most promising opportunities. It's better to submit five high-quality, well-targeted applications than twenty generic ones.


    Beyond Traditional Sources


    Peer Networks

    Other nonprofits in your field are invaluable sources of information about funders.


    Board Connections

    Your board members may have insights into local and national funding opportunities.


    Professional Development

    Attend grant writing workshops and conferences to learn about new funding sources.


    Research Documentation


    Keep detailed notes on:

  • Why you're interested in each funder
  • Key application requirements
  • Decision-making criteria
  • Successful applicant profiles
  • Rejection feedback (when available)

  • Conclusion


    Effective grant research is about quality over quantity. It's better to identify ten perfect matches than a hundred possibilities. Invest time in understanding funders' priorities, decision-making processes, and application requirements.


    Remember, funders want to give away money to organizations that align with their mission. Your job is to find those natural partnerships and present your case compellingly.


    The most successful grant seekers are those who view funders as partners in social change, not just sources of money. This perspective transforms grant research from a hunting expedition into relationship building - and that makes all the difference.


    How to Research Grants Like a Pro - Crafty Blog | Crafty